When can transitions out from a composite state occur?

Transitions out from a composite state can occur regardless of the composite state activity or current substate because a composite state encapsulates one or more substates and represents a broader context within which their behaviors are defined. This means that the control over transitions is not strictly limited by what is occurring in individual substates or whether they are actively executing behaviors. Essentially, the transition can happen as long as an appropriate event triggers it and the overall conditions for the transition are met, independent of the state of the active substate. This flexibility allows for more dynamic interactions and relationships within complex systems modeled using state machines.